Recently, the Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Zhejiang Province (2026–2030) was officially released. With the overall goal of achieving decisive progress in building a demonstration zone for common prosperity through high-quality development and taking the lead in presenting a vivid picture of the basic realization of socialist modernization, the Outline serves as the general program for Zhejiang’s development in the next five years. Centered on five major themes: innovation-driven development, common prosperity, opening-up and upgrading, green transition, and safe governance, it aims to advance modernization drive five years ahead of the national schedule.

To facilitate understanding of the priorities for the implementation of the Outline, we focus on the arrangements related to energy and green low-carbon transition. Overall, during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, Zhejiang will be guided by the "dual carbon" goals, coordinate secure energy supply and green transition, collaboratively optimize the structures of energy, industry and transportation, and accelerate the development of a new energy system.

Thoroughly implement the "Eight-Eight Strategy", build a demonstration zone for common prosperity through high-quality development, accelerate the development of an "Important Window", and strive to write a new chapter of Chinese modernization in Zhejiang.

Centered on implementing the "Eight-Eight Strategy", developing the "Important Window" and building a demonstration zone for common prosperity through high-quality development, clear requirements are set for energy and green development: leading green transition through carbon peaking, accelerating the shift from old to new growth drivers, optimizing the energy structure via scientific and technological innovation and comprehensive reform, speeding up the establishment of a new energy system, jointly optimizing industrial, energy and transportation structures, developing a green, low-carbon and circular economic system, ensuring carbon peaking is achieved as scheduled before 2030, continuously improving ecological and environmental quality, and taking the lead in the construction of a Beautiful China and green low-carbon development through building an ecological province at a higher level.

Enhance the overall efficiency of the innovation system and build a global influential innovation highland.

To build an innovation highland with global influence and improve the overall efficiency of the innovation system, efforts will focus on three aspects. First, deepen the integrated reform of education, science and technology and talent development, improve the mechanism for unimpeded talent mobility, advance the "135" Talent Strong Province Program and the "101" Initiative, introduce and cultivate top-tier, leading, young and outstanding engineers and other types of talents, and build an innovation-oriented talent evaluation and incentive system. Second, promote in-depth integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, reinforce the principal role of enterprises, intensify research on key core technologies, and improve the system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Third, foster an open and inclusive innovation ecosystem, implement policies such as additional tax deductions for research and development expenses and tax reductions, guide enterprises to increase R&D investment, and provide solid support for high-quality innovation.

Accelerate the development of a modern industrial system with Zhejiang characteristics and promote high-quality development of the manufacturing and service industries.

Boost the growth of emerging industries. Speed up the development of artificial intelligence, new materials, new energy, aerospace, low-altitude economy, biomedicine, integrated circuits, high-end software, new energy vehicles and other industries to foster emerging pillar industries. Promote the application of first-set equipment, first-batch materials and first-version software, and accelerate the large-scale deployment of new technologies, new products and new application scenarios.

Coordinate and improve the infrastructure system and comprehensively strengthen its supporting capacity for high-quality development. Accelerate the development of a new energy system.

### I. Accelerate the development of a new energy system
Accelerate the clean and low-carbon transition of the energy structure. Continuously raise the proportion of new energy supply, speed up the construction of offshore wind power projects, and complete the East China deep-sea wind power home port. Adopt a dual approach of centralized and distributed development and scale up photovoltaic development. Push forward the orderly development of pumped storage and energy storage, and improve policies for new energy consumption and regulation. Develop renewable energy sources such as marine energy and biomass energy. Enhance the clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy, carry out a new-generation coal power upgrading campaign, encourage the policy of building large units while phasing out small ones, push for the retirement of 300,000-kilowatt coal-fired units upon expiration, and strive to reach the peak of coal and oil consumption. By 2030, newly installed non-fossil energy capacity will account for over 75% of total new installed capacity.

Improve the capacity for safe and reliable energy supply. Accelerate the construction of nuclear power bases, strive to get new sites included in planning, and strengthen the reserve and protection of high-quality sites. Complete the extra-high voltage power transmission project delivering electricity from Gansu to Zhejiang and strive to build the fifth extra-high voltage transmission line. Launch a clean thermal power construction initiative to optimize layout, increase installed capacity and reduce its proportion in the energy mix. Deepen the development of the new power system, speed up the construction of a robust main power grid and intelligent and efficient distribution network, and improve the energy security management system.

Step up efforts in efficient energy conservation. Adopt a principle of supporting and restricting projects as appropriate, increasing and cutting consumption where necessary and setting increase targets based on reduction results, strictly control the approval of new projects at the source, and implement tiered energy consumption balancing for newly launched projects. Promote energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas including industry, transportation and public institutions, and carry out green transition of existing high-energy-consumption and high-emission projects with tailored plans for each project. Promote cascade utilization of waste heat and residual energy, and popularize heating modes such as solid waste and nuclear energy heating. Strictly implement budget management of fossil energy consumption for key energy-consuming entities. Strengthen the leading role of energy conservation standards and intensify energy conservation supervision and law enforcement. Raise the electrification level of end-use energy and advance green and low-carbon energy consumption.

### II. Promote the construction of new-type infrastructure
Coordinate the layout of new digital infrastructure, explore the development of a computing system integrating general-purpose computing, intelligent computing, supercomputing and quantum computing, and proactively deploy space-time intelligence and space computing infrastructure. Deploy 5G-A networks and 10-gigabit optical networks on a large scale, make forward-looking arrangements for new communication networks such as 6G and satellite internet, and build 90,000 5G-A base stations and 150,000 50G-PON ports. Push forward the renewal and digital and intelligent transformation of traditional infrastructure, accelerate the construction of smart highways and smart waterways, promote the integrated application of vehicle-road-cloud systems around Hangzhou Bay and ship-shore-cloud systems in northern Zhejiang waterways, and deepen the vehicle-road-cloud integrated application of intelligent connected vehicles in the "Hangzhou–Tongxiang–Deqing" area. Advance the intelligent transformation of traditional container and dry bulk cargo terminals at Ningbo Zhoushan Port. Plan and build new low-altitude safety infrastructure in Shaoxing on the southern flank of Hangzhou Bay. Promote the development of digital and intelligent water conservancy projects and build an integrated monitoring and perception system covering space, sky, land and water conservancy. Boost cross-domain integrated development of infrastructure in transportation, water conservancy, energy, meteorology and other sectors.

Accelerate the development of a higher-level ecological province and build a beautiful Zhejiang featuring harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature.

### I. Advance carbon peaking actively and steadily
Improve the dual control mechanism for carbon emissions. Implement the dual control system for the total volume and intensity of carbon emissions. Build a digital and intelligent carbon emission governance system covering regions, industries, enterprises, projects and products, further advance the reform of the carbon account system, and improve carbon emission statistics, accounting and application. Refine the local carbon assessment mechanism and implement carbon emission budget management at the provincial and municipal levels. Strengthen carbon emission control in various industries, explore corporate carbon budget management, and guide enterprises to participate in voluntary emission reduction trading. Fully implement energy conservation review and carbon emission evaluation for fixed asset investment projects, and enforce the equivalent or reduced carbon emission replacement for new high-energy-consumption and high-emission industrial projects. Develop a provincial product carbon footprint database, conduct research on carbon footprint factors of characteristic products, and promote international alignment and mutual recognition.

Strengthen supporting carriers for low-carbon transition. Implement the Circular Economy "991" Action Plan. Accelerate research on key technologies for green low-carbon development, resource recycling and coordinated reduction of carbon and pollutants. Carry out a new round of green, low-carbon and circular transformation of provincial-level and above development zones, advance the development of carriers including national carbon peaking pilots, zero-carbon public institutions, low-carbon parks, zero-carbon parks and zero-carbon factories, and deepen the development of the national coordinated innovation zone for pollution and carbon reduction. By 2030, 20 provincial zero-carbon parks will be completed. Take an active part in the development of the national carbon market and ensure the effective operation of the provincial carbon inclusive emission reduction market.

### II. Accelerate the development of a green, low-carbon and circular industrial structure
Further advance ecological and environmental zoning control, strictly curb the launch of new high-energy-consumption and high-emission industrial projects, and formulate emission reduction measures for high-energy-consuming projects, parks, key industries and key enterprises by category. Strictly control the addition of new chemical parks, and promote the clustering of chemical and pharmaceutical projects in chemical parks. Strictly implement the national catalog for industrial structure adjustment, and keep the capacity scale of oil refining and basic chemical raw materials under tight control. Launch special campaigns for energy conservation and carbon reduction transformation, speed up the green and low-carbon transition of eight major high-energy-consuming industries such as petrochemicals, textiles and building materials, advance the renovation and upgrading of industrial clusters including coating, packaging and printing, and electroplating, and ensure energy savings of over 15 million tons of standard coal during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. Develop green and low-carbon industries such as energy conservation and carbon reduction, environmental protection and resource recycling, and promote the recycling of decommissioned wind power and photovoltaic equipment and power batteries.

### III. Accelerate the optimization of the transportation structure
Optimize transportation modes, speed up the shift from road transport to waterway and railway transport, and gradually form a pattern where medium and long-distance transport mainly relies on railways and waterways. Improve the green and intelligent level of transportation infrastructure, accelerate the construction of clean port collection and distribution systems, and build zero-carbon logistics corridors. Popularize clean and low-carbon transportation equipment, push forward the electrification transformation of railways, support the new energy transformation of inland waterway vessels in Huzhou and other regions, implement special initiatives for alcohol and hydrogen energy application, speed up the large-scale application of new energy heavy-duty trucks, promote the electrification replacement of urban public service vehicles, and accelerate the phasing-out and renewal of old vehicles and ships. By 2030, vehicles meeting China National VI emission standards and new energy trucks will account for 75% of the total truck fleet.

Conclusion:
During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, Zhejiang’s energy and green development policies represent not only environmental governance requirements but also strategic arrangements for industrial upgrading and competitiveness reshaping.

Clear policy signals have been released in areas including carbon budgeting, zero-carbon parks, green industries and the development of a new energy system: green and low-carbon development will serve as a key benchmark for industrial investment and technological innovation in the next five years.